Gum disease is one of the most common oral health problems in the United States, yet many people underestimate its impact. What begins as mild inflammation of the gums can progress into periodontal disease — a chronic infection that affects not only your mouth but potentially your entire body. At Dentistry By Design in Richardson, TX, we emphasize early detection and treatment because protecting your gums is a meaningful way to protect your overall health.
More than 47% of adults over age 30 have some form of periodontal disease, according to the CDC. By age 65, that number rises to 70%. This makes gum disease one of the most widespread chronic conditions in the country — and one that is closely linked to serious systemic health issues.
The Science Behind Gum Disease
Gum disease begins when harmful bacteria in dental plaque trigger an inflammatory response in the tissues around the teeth. If not removed through daily brushing, flossing, and professional cleanings, this bacteria-rich plaque hardens into tartar. Over time, the infection damages the gum tissue and supporting bone, forming deep pockets where bacteria thrive.
Periodontal disease is not simply a localized infection. Research shows that the bacteria and inflammatory markers associated with gum disease can enter the bloodstream, travel throughout the body, and contribute to a range of systemic problems.
Common signs of gum disease include:
- Red or swollen gums
- Bleeding when brushing or flossing
- Persistent bad breath
- Gum recession
- Loose teeth
Even mild symptoms can signal a problem, which is why regular dental checkups are essential.
Heart Disease and Stroke Risk
One of the strongest researched links is between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease. Studies show that people with gum disease are up to twice as likely to develop heart disease. Chronic inflammation caused by oral bacteria may contribute to arterial plaque buildup, increasing the risk of:
- Heart attack
- Stroke
- Atherosclerosis
- Hypertension
Inflammation is a major contributor to vascular health issues, and periodontal bacteria have been found in arterial plaque during autopsies and surgical procedures.
Diabetes and Gum Disease: A Two-Way Connection
People with diabetes are significantly more likely to develop gum disease, but the relationship goes both ways. Untreated periodontal disease can make blood sugar more difficult to control. Chronic inflammation increases insulin resistance, which can lead to:
- Higher A1C levels
- More frequent blood sugar spikes
- Faster progression of diabetes-related complications
Some studies suggest treating periodontal disease may help improve glycemic control, demonstrating how closely oral health and metabolic health are linked.
Respiratory and Autoimmune Concerns
The mouth is a gateway to the respiratory system, and gum disease bacteria can be inhaled into the lungs, where they may contribute to respiratory infections, pneumonia, and COPD exacerbations. Individuals with autoimmune conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis also show higher rates of severe periodontal disease due to their heightened inflammatory response.
In fact, research indicates that people with rheumatoid arthritis are almost twice as likely to have severe gum disease.
Pregnancy Complications
Hormonal changes during pregnancy can increase gum sensitivity, but untreated gum disease may also pose risks for complications such as:
- Preterm birth
- Low birth weight
- Preeclampsia
Inflammatory markers travel through the bloodstream, and studies have found a correlation between periodontal disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Protecting Your Oral and Systemic Health
The good news is that gum disease is highly treatable — especially in its early stages. At Dentistry By Design, we offer periodontal therapy tailored to your needs, including deep cleanings, antimicrobial treatments, and ongoing maintenance care.
To support whole-body health, we encourage:
- Twice-yearly professional cleanings
- Daily brushing and flossing
- Early evaluation of bleeding or swollen gums
- Smoking cessation, which significantly reduces periodontal risk
- Consistent care for chronic conditions like diabetes
Your mouth is a vital part of your overall health. Paying attention to gum health today can help prevent serious medical issues in the future.
Schedule Your Periodontal Evaluation Today
If you’ve noticed bleeding gums or other signs of periodontal disease, now is the time to act. Contact Dentistry By Design in Richardson, TX, to schedule a gum health exam and protect both your smile and your long-term wellness.